Non-Invasive Methods and the Use of Infiltrating Resins for the Control of Caries Progression in Deciduous Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the influence of non-invasive treatment associated with the use of infiltrating resin for managing caries lesions in primary teeth. Material and Methods: A systematic review was performed by selecting articles from 6 online databases, using a search algorithm and eligibility criteria for data extraction and data synthesis for the papers included. Clinical trials involving primary teeth with incipient caries lesions (1/2 of the enamel or 1/3 of the outer dentin) were included, presenting full text and answering the study's guiding question. This study used the RoB 2 tool for the risk of bias assessment and GRADE for certainty of evidence. Random effects meta-analyses were implemented, and lesion progression treatment effects were estimated through relative risk (RR) and associated 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 440 studies were found. After analyzing the inclusion criteria and removal of duplicates, eight studies were analyzed for quality evidence. Five of the eight studies included in this review contributed to the meta-analysis, all with some reflections regarding the risk of bias. Overall, the results of the meta-analysis showed that non-invasive treatment, when associated with the use of infiltrating resins, significantly reduced the risk of caries progression in relation to the treatment without this addition for follow-up periods ranging from 12 months to 2 years (RR 0.51 [0.40-0.65]). Conclusion: There is moderate certainty of evidence that the use of infiltrating resins associated with non-invasive treatments decreases the risk of caries progression in primary teeth with incipient caries lesions (1/2 of the enamel or 1/3 of the dentin outer) when combined with non-invasive control methods alone.

An exploratory study of children with caries and its relationship to SARS-CoV-2

Abstract This exploratory study investigated whether children with dental decay were more likely to have COVID-19 than those without caries. The children underwent dental inspection and blood collection for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Fifty-four children aged 6 to 9 years participated in the survey, which was conducted between March and June 2020 in the municipality of Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil. The diagnosis of caries was performed using the dmft and DMFT indices. Parents reported signs and symptoms of sickness in their children during this period. The serology test aimed to verify the immune response of the children to coronavirus by detecting IgM/IgG antibodies. Statistical analyses were performed at P < 0.05. The majority of the children presented caries (68.5%). Of the nine children who tested positive for COVID-19 (16.7%), eight presented IgG antibodies to the virus, and only one had IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV2. Children who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had a higher percentage of caries lesions than those who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (77.8% vs 65.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant.

Quality of sleep and musculoskeletal pain in adolescents: observational study / Qualidade de sono e dores musculoesqueléticas em adolescentes: estudo observacional

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is related to psychogenic factors and quality of sleep, showing that this triad is a biopsychosocial process. The aim of this study was to analyze an association between poor sleep quality and MSP in adolescents. METHODS: This study has an observational, cross-sectional character, in which 545 adolescents, aged between 11 and 15 years, were analyzed. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the presence of MSP using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), temporomandibular disorder using the Axis II of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) and excessive daytime sleepiness using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Pearson Chi-square or Fishers Exact test were used to assess the association between two categorical variables. RESULTS: The prevalence of poor sleep quality, sleep disorders, MSP and excessive daytime sleepiness were, respectively, 66.8, 9.5, 87.5 and 30.5%. An association was observed between the quality of sleep and the number of hours of sleep per night [OR = 1.49; (1.01 to 2.21)], and between sleep disorders and MSP in the upper back [OR=1.9; (1.0 to 3.3)], and the wrists and hands [OR=2.8; (1.4 to 5.7)]. However, there was no association between sleep quality and MSP [OR=1.29; (0.76 to 2.17)]. CONCLUSION: An association was found between sleep disorders and MSP, as well as between the number of hours slept per night and quality of sleep.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As dores musculoesqueléticas (DME) possuem relação com fatores psicogênicos e qualidade de sono, evidenciando que essa tríade se refere a um processo biopsicossocial. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação entre má qualidade de sono e DME em adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo observacional, com delineamento transversal, no qual foram analisados 545 adolescentes, na faixa etária entre 11 e 15 anos. A qualidade do sono foi avaliada através do Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI), a presença de DME pelo Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares (QNSO), disfunções temporomandibulares pelo Eixo II dos Critérios Diagnósticos de Pesquisa em Disfunção Temporomandibular (RDC/TMD) e a sonolência diurna excessiva através da Escala de Sonolência de Epworth (ESE). Para avaliar associação entre duas variáveis categóricas, foi utilizado o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou o teste Exato de Fisher. RESULTADOS: A prevalência da má qualidade do sono, distúrbios do sono, DME e sonolência diurna excessiva foram 66,8, 9,5, 87,5 e 30,5%, respectivamente. Observou-se associação entre qualidade do sono e quantidade de horas de sono por noite [OR=1,49; (1,01 a 2,21)], e entre distúrbios do sono e DME na parte superior das costas [OR=1,9; (1,0 a 3,3)] e nos punhos e mãos [OR=2,8; (1,4 a 5,7)]. No entanto, não foi verificada associação entre qualidade do sono e DME [OR=1,29; (0,76 a 2,17)]. CONCLUSÃO: Foi verificada associação entre distúrbios de sono e DME, bem como entre qualidade do sono e quantidade de horas dormidas por noite.

Oral manifestations in hospitalized children with COVID-19

Abstract As the pandemic progressed, the incidence of viruses among children also increased. This study investigates the presence of oral lesions in hospitalized children by analyzing data collected from medical records of infants seen at the pediatric Infectious disease unit at the General Hospital of the University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil, from March to August 2020. This study includes children aged 0 to 12 years diagnosed with severe symptoms of COVID-19. The data describe the frequencies and percentages of categorical variables, expressed as mean, median, and standard deviation. The chi-square test evaluated the association of oral manifestations according to the presence of comorbidities. Of 89 children, 20.2% had oral manifestations, and mucositis was the most prevalent lesion (12.4%). Of the 18 children with oral manifestations, 12 did not present comorbidities, but 7.9% had multisystem inflammatory syndrome and 5.6% had Kawasaki disease. Results show that children with oral lesions had longer hospital stays. These findings indicate the need for further studies to clarify the relationship between the oral manifestations of COVID-19 in pediatric patients for screening of the virus by dentists.

Use of digital screens by adolescents and association on sleep quality: a systematic review / Uso de telas digitais por adolescentes e associação com a qualidade do sono: uma revisão sistemática / Uso de pantallas digitales por adolescentes y asociación con la calidad del sueño: una revisión sistemática

This study aimed to analyze the influence of digital screen use on adolescents' quality of sleep. This systematic review was recorded on PROSPERO (CRD42020203403) and conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies covering adolescents from 10 to 19 years were included without language or publication restrictions which answered the following guiding question: "Does the use of digital screen influence adolescents' quality sleep?". Article search included the following databases: (MEDLINE/PubMed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, IBECS, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Open Gray. The following descriptors were used: "Sleep Quality", "Screen Time", and "Adolescent". The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) assessed the methodological quality of the cohort studies, and a modified NOS was used to assess the cross-sectional ones. In total, 2,268 articles were retrieved, of which 2,059 were selected for title and abstract reading, after duplicates were deleted. After this stage, 47 articles were selected for full reading, resulting in the 23 articles which compose this review. Excessive use of digital screens was associated with worse and shorter sleep, showing, as its main consequences, night awakenings, long sleep latency, and daytime sleepiness. The use of mobile phones before bedtime was associated with poor quality of sleep among adolescents. Our evaluation of the methodological quality of the chosen studies found seven to be poor and 16, moderate.

Este estudo buscou analisar a influência do uso de telas digitais na qualidade do sono de adolescentes. Esta revisão sistemática foi registrada no PROSPERO (CRD42020203403) e realizada de acordo com as diretrizes do PRISMA. Foram incluídos estudos que abrangem a faixa etária de 10 a 19 anos sem restrição de idioma ou data de publicação e que responderam à seguinte pergunta condutora: "O uso da tela digital influencia a qualidade do sono dos adolescentes?". A busca por artigos incluiu as seguintes bases de dados: (MEDLINE/PubMed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, IBECS, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov e Open Gray. Os descritores utilizados foram "Qualidade do Sono", "Tempo de Tela" e "Adolescente". A Escala de Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) foi utilizada para avaliar a qualidade metodológica dos estudos de coorte e a escala NOS modificada foi usada para avaliar os estudos transversais. Foram encontrados 2.268 artigos, dos quais 2.059 foram selecionados para leitura de títulos e resumos após a exclusão das duplicatas. Foram então selecionados 47 artigos para leitura na íntegra, dos quais 23 foram escolhidos para compor esta revisão. O uso excessivo de telas digitais foi associado à má qualidade e menor duração do sono, apresentando como principais consequências despertares noturnos, maior latência do sono e sonolência diurna. Ademais, o uso do celular antes de dormir foi associado à má qualidade do sono em adolescentes. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica classificou sete estudos como sendo de baixa qualidade e 16 de qualidade moderada. Concluímos que o uso de telas digitais influenciou a qualidade do sono dos adolescentes.

Este estudio buscó analizar la influencia del uso de pantallas digitales en la calidad del sueño de los adolescentes. Esta revisión sistemática se registró en PROSPERO (CRD42020203403) y se realizó de acuerdo con los lineamientos de PRISMA. Se incluyeron los estudios en que participaron el grupo etario entre los 10 y los 19 años, sin restricción de idioma o fecha de publicación, y que respondieran a la siguiente pregunta orientadora: "¿El uso de la pantalla digital influye en la calidad del sueño de los adolescentes?". La búsqueda de artículos se realizó en las siguientes bases de datos: (MEDLINE/PubMed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, IBECS, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov y Open Gray. Los descriptores utilizados fueron "Calidad del sueño", "Tiempo de pantalla" y "Adolescente". Se utilizaron la Escala Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) para evaluar la calidad metodológica de los estudios de cohortes y la NOS modificada para evaluar los estudios transversales. Del total de 2.268 artículos encontrados, se seleccionaron 2.059 para la lectura de títulos y resúmenes después de excluidos los duplicados. Luego se seleccionaron 47 artículos para lectura completa, de los cuales 23 fueron elegidos para componer esta revisión. El uso excesivo de las pantallas digitales estuvo asociado con la mala calidad y menor duración del sueño, teniendo como principal consecuencia los despertares nocturnos, el aumento de la latencia del sueño y la somnolencia diurna. Además, el uso del teléfono celular antes de acostarse se asoció con una mala calidad del sueño en los adolescentes. La evaluación de la calidad metodológica clasificó siete estudios como de baja calidad y 16 como de calidad moderada. Se concluyó que el uso de las pantallas digitales influye en la calidad del sueño de los adolescentes.

Sense of coherence and quality of life in adolescents with heart disease / Senso de coerência e qualidade de vida em adolescentes com doenças cardíacas

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association between the Sense of Coherence (SoC) and Quality of Life (QoL) in adolescents with heart disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 164 adolescents with congenital or valvular heart disease, aged between 10 and 18 years, treated in a referral center in the city of Recife - Brazil. The information collected contains census data, type of heart disease, economic status identified according to the Brazilian Criteria for Economic Classification (ABEP), as well as an evaluation of the SoC and the QoL. Results: The SoC (50.09) and QoL (72.23) exhibited high average scores. The SoC was positively correlated with all dimensions of the QoL scale (p<0.001). The social and school dimensions, respectively, presented the highest and lowest scores. The linear regression analysis revealed that the SoC influenced the school and emotional dimensions. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the SoC is a protective factor in the life of adolescents. This factor helps on the improvement of perception of QoL and on successfully dealing with daily adversities and chronic stress.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre Senso de Coerência (SOC) e Qualidade de Vida (QV) em adolescentes cardiopatas. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 164 adolescentes portadores de cardiopatias congênitas ou valvares, com idade entre 10 e 18 anos, atendidos em um Centro de Referência na cidade de Recife - Brasil. As informações coletadas contêm dados censitários, tipo de cardiopatia, situação econômica identificada de acordo com os Critérios Brasileiros de Classificação Econômica (ABEP), além de uma avaliação do Senso de Coerência e da Qualidade de Vida. Resultados: Tanto o Sentido de Coerência (50,09) quanto a Qualidade de Vida (72,23) exibiram valores médios elevados. Senso de Coerência foi positivamente correlacionado com todas as dimensões da Qualidade de Vida (p<0,001). As dimensões social e escolar foram as pontuações mais altas e mais baixas, respectivamente. A análise de regressão linear revelou que o Sentido de Coerência influenciou as dimensões escolar e emocional. Conclusões: Este estudo demonstra que o Sentido de Coerência é um fator de proteção na vida dos adolescentes. Esse fator auxilia na melhora da percepção de Qualidade de Vida e no enfrentamento com sucesso das adversidades do dia a dia e do estresse crônico.

Viral symptoms in children and SARS-COV-2: information for pediatric dentists for the control of transmission

Abstract: The new coronavi rus, which has spread worldwide, has spiraled out of control in Brazil. The number of infected children has increased, and more Infants Special Care Units are needed to prevent deaths. This study aims to report the most common signs and symptoms in children infected by seasonal respiratory viruses and those infected by COVID-19. This knowledge is essential to educate pediatric dentists, who may contribute to identifying the difference in symptoms and notify the cases, thus preventing the spread of COVID-19. This study was carried out in a Family Health Center of Ipojuca, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, and included 54 children seen for dental emergency care. The parents provided information about the signs and symptoms of their children' s health conditions during the lockdown from March to July 2020. All children had a serological test to detect any exposure to the virus. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney tests were used to assess the distribution of the data and compare the quantitative variables between the groups. Among the study participants, 16.7% tested positive for COVID-19. The most prevalent symptoms were headache (38.9%), sneezing (35.2%), and fever (20.4%); six out of nine children with a positive test had symptoms after infection of an adult in the family. Children infected with COVID-19 showed similar clinical signs to those with negative results. Pediatric dentists should acquire knowledge to report on sick children and prevent the spread of the disease.

Are exercises with or without occlusal splints more effective in the reduction of pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders of myogenic origin? A systematic review

Abstract Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a term used to describe a set of clinical conditions that may compromise the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory muscles and/or associated structures, considered the most frequent cause of orofacial pain of non-dental origin. In recent years, many forms of physical therapy have been used in the treatment of TMD to reduce pain and improve the range of mandibular movement present in this impairment. Among these resources are kinesiotherapy (exercise), electrothermal and manual therapy, acupuncture, training posture, mobilizations, and biofeedback. Objectives To determine if exercises with or without occlusal splints are effective in reducing pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) of myogenic origin. Methodology This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD 42019134244). Controlled trials published in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library following PRISMA guidelines up to April 2022 were randomized and included. The population above 18 years, which evaluated the effectiveness of exercise with or without occlusal splints in reducing pain in patients with TMD of myogenic origin, diagnosed through the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, was also included. There was no restriction on the period of publication. Cochrane risk of bias analysis was performed. Results Of the five included articles, all showed a reduction of pain, but without significant differences between the interventions performed. Additionally, studies that evaluated the quality of life and mandibular movements showed a reduction in pain, but no significant differences between therapies. Conclusion The analyzed studies showed no difference in the improvement of pain, quality of life, and mandibular movements between the groups that performed only exercises or the associated treatments.

Evaluation of Sleep Quality and Daytime Sleepiness in Dentistry Students

Abstract Objective: To evaluate sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness in undergraduate dentistry students. Material and Methods: This research is characterized as an observational study of transversal type, having analysed undergraduate students in dentistry from a public university in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The sample consisted of 325 students enrolled between the 1st and 10th academic semester. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while excessive daytime sleepiness was analysed through the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The t-Student and Mann-Whitney tests were used for the numerical values, with the F-test (ANOVA) or the Kruskal-Wallis test being used to compare more than two categories. Results: It was observed that 71.1% of students presented a poor sleep quality, with more than half of the students exhibiting excessive daytime sleepiness (58.1%). A relationship between sleep quality and the academic semester was verified. However, gender and age were not associated with sleep quality or with excessive daytime sleepiness. Conclusion: A high prevalence of poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness was observed among undergraduate students in dentistry. The data suggest that the undergraduate degree in Dentistry can influence the students' quality of sleep, regardless of age or gender.

Individual and average responses of sleep quality and daytime sleepiness after four weeks of strength training in adolescents

Abstract Aims: To analyze the average and individual responses of sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in adolescents after four weeks of strength training. Methods: 19 adolescents with sleep problems recruited in the Federal Institute of Pernambuco, were subject to anthropometric evaluations as well as those for body composition assessment, a 1 repetition maximum test, the sleep parameters (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index-PSQI and Epworth Sleepiness Scale-ESS) and were submitted to four weeks of strength-training, performed alternately by segment, two sessions per week, according to recommendations for this population. Results: A decrease in the average PSQI score was observed (10.3±3.3 vs 8.8±4.0; p=0.006), but not in ESS (p>0.05), after intervention. The individual analyses demonstrated that ~63% of adolescents experienced reductions ≥ 3 points in the PSQI and ~58% of them experienced reductions ≥ 3 points in the measure of daytime sleepiness. The prevalence of poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness reduced from 84.2% to 68.4% and from 52.6% to 31.6%, respectively. The comparisons of high and low responders to exercise training show that adolescents who reduced ≥3 points in the score of a least one sleep parameter presented lower weight, fat mass, and fat percentage (p<0.05). Conclusion: A short-term strength-training program is able to improve global sleep quality, but not daytime sleepiness in adolescents. Furthermore, the changes after training are highly heterogeneous. Further studies are required to better understand the effects of strength training on sleep parameters of adolescents.

Maloclusões e disfunção da tuba auditiva em crianças: uma revisão integrativa / Malocclusions and auditory tube dysfunction in children: an integrative review

RESUMO Esta revisão integrativa da literatura objetivou analisar as evidências científicas disponíveis sobre a relação entre as maloclusões e a disfunção da tuba auditiva. Através dos descritores "malocclusion","eustachian tube", "otitis media", fez-se uma busca na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde / Bireme, incluindo artigos publicados em inglês, português e espanhol, sem limite de data de publicação. Os artigos repetidos nas bases de dados, relatos de caso e os que não se apresentaram em formato de artigo científico, tais como resenhas, teses, editoriais, dissertações e cartas foram excluídos. Após análise foram selecionados 09 artigos que preenchiam os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos, sendo que a maioria foi conduzido no continente Europeu e apenas um estudo foi realizado no Brasil. Foi possível verificar uma escassez de artigos sobre a relação entre as maloclusões e a disfunção da tuba auditiva. Não houve um consenso entre os estudos disponíveis sobre a relação entre as desordens da orelha média e as maloclusões, no entanto os estudos de intervenção mostraram que a expansão rápida da maxila tem efeito positivo no funcionamento da tuba auditiva. Em meio a escassez de artigos, verifica-se a necessidade de mais estudos sobre essa temática para que a Odontologia e a Fonoaudiologia, juntamente com as demais áreas da saúde, possam contribuir na escolha de tratamentos que possibilitem uma melhora na qualidade de vida desta população.

ABSTRACT This integrative literature review aimed to analyze the scientific evidence available on the relationship between malocclusions and auditory tube dysfunction. A search was carried out on the Virtual Health Library / Bireme/Medicine(r), using the descriptors "malocclusion", "Eustachian tube", "otitis media", to identify articles published in English, Portuguese and Spanish, of any publication date. Articles excluded were those repeated in databases, case reports and reviews, theses, editorials, essays and letters that did not appear in scientific paper format. Following analysis, 9 articles were selected that met the established inclusion criteria, most conducted on the European continent, and one only in Brazil. A shortage of articles on the relationship between malocclusions and auditory tube dysfunction became apparent. There was no consensus among the available studies on the relationship between the middle ear disorders and malocclusions; however, intervention studies have shown that rapid maxillary expansion has a positive effect on the functioning of the auditory tube. The current lack of articles indicates the need for more studies on this topic for dentistry and speech therapy, alongside other areas of health, to be able to contribute to the choice of treatments that allow improvements in the lives of people with these conditions.

Relação entre maloclusões e queixas de problemas mastigatórios e gastrointestinais em crianças / Relationship between malocclusions and complaints of masticatory and gastrointestinal problems in children

Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre as maloclusões e queixas de problemas mastigatórios e gastrointestinais em crianças. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo transversal com uma amostra intencional de 232 crianças de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 6 e 12 anos, provenientes de uma amostra de 634 crianças de 3 a 12 anos examinadas durante um levantamento de saúde bucal na cidade do Recife/PE. Participaram do estudo apenas as crianças livres de cárie. Foram excluídas as crianças com síndromes associadas a deformidades craniofaciais, as crianças submetidas a tratamento ortodôntico ou ortopédico facial prévio, crianças com presença de desgastes acentuados nas faces oclusais dos elementos dentários e crianças com alterações dentárias de forma, número ou tamanho. Os dados foram coletados através de dois instrumentos: entrevistas com os responsáveis e exames clínicos. As maloclusões foram avaliadas a partir da classificação de Angle e da observação da ocorrência de mordida aberta anterior, mordida cruzada anterior e mordida cruzada posterior. Foi utilizada ficha clínica padrão da Organização Mundial de Saúde. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando-se os testes Quiquadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher. Resultados: Os sintomas de distúrbios gastrointestinais ocorreram em 19,8% das crianças, sendo a prisão de ventre a queixa mais citada (9,9%). Os sintomas gastrointestinais não foram associados à presença das maloclusões. A mordida cruzada anterior foi associada à dificuldade para mastigar (p < 0,05) e à necessidade de ingerir líquidos durante as refeições (p=0,017). Conclusão: As crianças com mordida cruzada anterior apresentaram maiores dificuldades mastigatórias em relação ao grupo sem esta maloclusão.(AU)

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between malocclusion and complaints of masticatory and gastrointestinal problems in children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with an intentional sample of 232 children of both sexes, 6 to 12 years of age, from a sample of 634 children, 3 to 12 years of age, who were examined during an oral health survey in the city of Recife, PE, Brazil. Only caries-free children participated in this study. Children with disabilities were excluded, as were children who had undergone orthodontic or facial orthopedic treatment, children with clearly accentuated wear on the occlusal surfaces of their teeth, and children with dental alterations in shape, size, or number. Data were collected through two instruments: interviews with the responsible guardians and clinical examinations. Malocclusions were evaluated by means of Angle classification and observation of the occurrence of anterior open bite, anterior crossbite, and posterior crossbite. The World Health Organization (WHO) standard clinical record was used. The statistical analyses were performed using the Pearson's chisquare test and the Fisher Exact test. Results: The symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders occurred in 19.8% of the children, constipation being the most cited complaint (9.9%). Gastrointestinal symptoms were not associated with the presence of malocclusions. Anterior crossbite was associated with difficulty in chewing (p<0.05) and the need to ingest liquids during meals (p=0.017). Conclusion: Children with anterior crossbite showed greater mastigatory difficulties when compared to the group without this malocclusion.(AU)

Perfil do atendimento aos adolescentes nas Urgências Odontológicas das Unidades de Pronto Atendimento (UPA) no Estado de Pernambuco / Profile of adolescents' Care in Emergency Dental Units in the State of Pernambuco

As Unidades de Pronto Atendimento (UPAs) foram implementadas no Estado de Pernambuco em 2011, por isso fez-se necessário avaliar o perfl do atendimento aos adolescentes na urgência odontológica das Unidades de pronto Atendimento (UPA) do Estado de Pernambuco. Trata-se de um estudo de caracterização da demanda em que foram coletados dados dos prontuários de todas os adolescentes que procuraram o serviço de urgência odontológica, durante o intervalo de seis meses. Os dados foram tabulados em um banco de dados no programa SPSS 17.0 e foi realizada a análise descritiva através da obtenção das frequências percentuais das variáveis. Foram atendidos 1473 adolescentes, sendo 61% do sexo feminino na faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos de idade (63,7%). Em relação à classifcação de risco, 78,2% dos pacientes foram classifcados como verde, mas a queixa mais referida foi dor (91,4%). Dos procedimentos realizados 37,4% foi restauração, 17,4% exodontia e 17,1% abertura coronária. Os dados coletados demonstraram que apesar da maior prevalência de dor, como queixa principal, o tratamento restaurador foi o procedimento mais realizado, sugerindo que a urgência odontológica está sendo utilizada como porta de entrada para a obtenção de serviços que deveriam estar sendo realizados na atenção básica

The Emergency Care Units were implemented in the state of Pernambuco in 2011, so it was necessary to evaluate the profle of adolescents' dental care in the emergency care units of the State of Pernambuco. It is a demand characterization study in which data were collected from medical records of all adolescentes who sought emergency dental service during the six-month interval. The data were compiled in a database using SPSS 17.0 and the descriptive analysis was performed by obtaining the percentage frequencies of the variables. 1473 adolescents were assisted, 61% were females aged 15-19 years (63.7%). Regarding the risk classifcation, 78.2% of patients were classifed as green, but most reported complaint was pain (91.4%). About the procedures performes, 37.4% was restauration, 17.4% extraction and 17.1% crown opening. The data collected showed that despite the higher prevalence of pain as the main complaint, the restorative treatment was most performed procedure, suggesting that dental emergency is being used as a gateway to obtaining services that should be being carried out in primary care

Association between Sense of Coherence and Dental Caries Experience in Adolescents

To analyze the association between sense of coherence and dental caries experience in adolescents. Material and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 adolescents aged 11 to 15 years old who were attending the Debora Feijo State School in the city of Recife (Brazil). Information was collected on socio-demographic data ûage, gender, school failure and numberof residents per home. Sense of coherence (SOC) was evaluated using the SOC-13 questionnaire and the dental caries experience was determined using the DMFT index. For statistical analysis, the correlation test of Spearman and the association tests of Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis were used. The significance level was set at 5% (p<0.05). Results:A negative correlation was observed between the SOC and DMFT index (p < 0.001) which indicates that the higher the SOC, the lesser the DMFT. The mean SOC score was greater among adolescents with no dental caries experience. The SOC score was lower among those who failed school more often and those who lived with a greater number of people.Conclusion:The SOC-13 questionnaire can be considered a positive predictor of oral health status, representing an important tool in the establishment of health promotion actions focused on adolescents...

Mandibular asymmetry: A proposal of radiographic analysis with public domain software

OBJECTIVE: This preliminary study aimed to propose a new analysis of digital panoramic radiographs for a differential diagnosis between functional and morphological mandibular asymmetry in children with and without unilateral posterior crossbite. METHODS: Analysis is based on linear and angular measurements taken from nine anatomic points, demarcated in sequence directly on digital images. A specific plug-in was developed as part of a larger public domain image processing software (ImageJ) to automate and facilitate measurements. Since panoramic radiographs are typically subject to magnification differences between the right and left sides, horizontal linear measurements were adjusted for greater accuracy in both sides by means of a Distortion Factor (DF). In order to provide a preliminary assessment of proposed analysis and the developed plug-in, radiographs of ten patients (5 with unilateral posterior crossbite and 5 with normal occlusion) were analyzed. RESULTS: Considerable divergence was found between the right and left sides in the measurements of mandibular length and position of condyles in patients with unilateral posterior crossbite in comparison to individuals with normal occlusion. CONCLUSION: Although there are more effective and accurate diagnostic methods, panoramic radiography is still widespread, especially in emerging countries. This study presented initial evidence that the proposed analysis can be an important resource for planning early orthodontic intervention and, thus, avoid progression of asymmetries and their consequences. .

OBJETIVO: esse estudo preliminar teve como objetivo propor uma nova análise de radiografias panorâmicas digitais para o diagnóstico diferencial entre a assimetria mandibular funcional e morfológica em crianças com e sem mordida cruzada unilateral posterior. MÉTODOS: a análise se baseia em medições lineares e angulares, tomadas a partir de nove pontos anatômicos, demarcados em sequência, diretamente nas imagens digitais. Um plugin específico foi desenvolvido para automatizar e facilitar as medições, como parte integrante de um software de processamento de imagem de domínio público (ImageJ). Para maior acurácia, uma vez que as radiografias panorâmicas são sujeitas a distorções entre os lados direito e esquerdo, as medidas lineares horizontais foram ajustadas em ambos os lados, utilizando-se o Fator de Distorção (DF). A fim de fornecer uma avaliação preliminar da análise proposta e do plugin desenvolvido, radiografias de 10 pacientes (5 com mordida cruzada unilateral posterior e 5 com oclusão normal) foram analisadas. RESULTADOS: divergência considerável foi encontrada entre os lados direito e esquerdo nas medições do comprimento do corpo da mandíbula, bem como a posição dos côndilos, em pacientes com mordida cruzada posterior, em comparação a indivíduos com oclusão normal. CONCLUSÃO: apesar de existirem métodos mais eficazes e precisos de diagnóstico, a radiografia panorâmica ainda é muito difundida, especialmente em países emergentes. Esse estudo apresentou evidência preliminar de que a análise proposta pode ser um recurso importante para o planejamento de intervenção ortodôntica precoce, de modo a evitar progressão das assimetrias e suas consequências. .

Senso de coerência e adolescência: uma revisão integrativa de literatura / Sense of coherence and adolescence: an integrative review of the literature

Realizou-se uma Revisão Integrativa com o objetivo de investigar o papel do Senso de Coerência (SOC) na saúde do adolescente em diferentes contextos, como também os fatores que o influenciam. SOC é um construto utilizado para avaliar a capacidade de lidar e se adaptar a uma adversidade. Foram consultadas as bases Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs e Medline, com intervalo de 10 anos, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol, no formato de artigo original e com resumos disponíveis. Após análise foram selecionados 21 artigos os quais foram separados em categorias temáticas. Verificou-se que adolescentes com um baixo valor de SOC apresentam mais tendência à depressão, ansiedade e problemas psicossomáticos. Já os com SOC alto apresentaram melhor qualidade de vida. Diversos estudos mostraram que um forte SOC estava associado a diferentes comportamentos de saúde, como melhoria da higiene oral, uso consciente de medicamentos, não adesão ao tabagismo, menor consumo de álcool e práticas de atividades físicas mais frequentes. Outros estudos apontam para o papel protetor do SOC por reduzir o impacto causado por situações adversas, como uma doença ou até guerra. Assim, investigar o SOC é importante por ser um recurso individual de enfrentamento como também por servir de subsídio no planejamento de ações para a promoção de saúde.

An integrative review was conducted in order to investigate the role of the Sense of Coherence (SOC) in the health of adolescents in different contexts, as well as the factors that influence it. SOC is a construct used to evaluate the ability to cope and adapt to a situation of adversity. PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs and Medline biomedical databases were consulted with an interval of 10 years to locate original articles with abstracts in English, Portuguese and Spanish. After analysis 21, articles were selected and were sorted into thematic categories. It was established that adolescents with a low SOC are more prone to depression, anxiety and psychosomatic problems, whereas adolescents with a high SOC have a better quality of life. Several studies have shown that a strong SOC was associated with different health behaviors, such as improved oral hygiene, conscious use of medicines, not taking up smoking, lower consumption of alcohol and the more frequent practice of physical activities. Other studies highlight the protective role of SOC by reducing the impact caused by adverse situations, such as illness or even war. Thus, investigating the SOC is important as an individual resource for coping and will also assist in the planning of actions for the promotion of health.

Prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits and its relation with anterior open bite in children seen in the Odontopediatric Clinic of the University of Pernambuco

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to establish the prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits (pacifier and/or digit sucking) and to assess its relation with anterior open bite. METHODS: The sample consisted of 980 records of children of both genders, with ages between 3 and 12 years, who were treated at the Pediatrics Clinic of the University of Pernambuco (FOP/UPE), from February 2000 trough December 2005, both sexes. Pearson's Chi-square test at 5% level of significance was used for statistical assessment. RESULTS: It was observed that 17,7% of the sample had some habit at the moment of the anamnesis (9,6% of digit sucking habit, 8,8% of pacifier sucking habit and 0,7% of both habits) and that the prevalence of open bite was 20,3%. The prevalence of sucking habits in girls was much higher than in boys (22,6% and 12,9%, respectively) and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0,000). A correlation between habits and open bite was proved statistically (p = 0,000): Children with sucking habits had 8 times more chances of developing anterior open bite. CONCLUSIONS: Anterior open bite was associated to the presence of non nutritive sucking habits; sucking habits were more prevalent in girls and in children between three and six years of age.

Non-nutritive sucking habits, anterior open bite and associated factors in Brazilian children aged 30-59 months

The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits and anterior open bite as well as their main causes (associated factors) in Brazilian children aged 30-59 months. A cross-sectional study was carried out during the National Immunization Day for polio in the city of Recife in the northeastern region of Brazil. The sample was made up of 1,308 children. Data were collected from interviews with mothers or guardians as well as from clinical examinations carried out by previously trained dental students. The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis at 5 percent significance level. The prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits was 40 percent, and the habits were associated with gender (p=0.001), age (p=0.003) and feeding type (p<0.001). Anterior open bite was detected in 30.4 percent of children, and it was significantly associated with feeding type (p<0.001) and non-nutritive sucking habits (p<0.001). The variables found to be associated factors in the present study for the occurrence of non-nutritive sucking habits and anterior open bite emphasize the need to establish strategies that include orientation regarding health promotion based on the "common determining factors" approach. Public health policies should be adopted to encourage a longer duration of breastfeeding, thereby contributing towards reducing the prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits and anterior open bite.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de hábitos de sucção não nutritiva e mordida aberta anterior, assim como, determinar os seus fatores de risco (fatores associados) em crianças brasileiras de 30-59 meses. Um estudo transversal foi realizado durante o Dia Nacional de Vacinação contra a pólio na cidade do Recife, situada na região nordeste do Brasil. A amostra foi composta por 1308 crianças. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevistas com as mães ou responsáveis, bem como, de exames clínicos realizados por estudantes de odontologia, previamente treinados. O teste qui-quadrado foi utilizado para análise estatística com nível de significância de 5 por cento. A prevalência de hábitos de sucção não nutritiva foi de 40 por cento, e os hábitos estavam associados com sexo (p=0,001), idade (p=0,003) e tipo de alimentação (p<0,001). A mordida aberta anterior foi detectada em 30,4 por cento das crianças. A mordida aberta anterior foi significativamente associada com o tipo de alimentação (p<0,001) e hábitos de sucção não nutritiva (p<0,001). No presente estudo, as variáveis consideradas fatores associados para a ocorrência de hábitos de sucção não nutritiva e mordida aberta anterior enfatizam a necessidade de estabelecer estratégias que incluam a orientação sobre a promoção da saúde baseada na abordagem dos "fatores de risco comum". Deste modo, as políticas públicas de saúde devem ser adotadas para incentivar uma maior duração do aleitamento materno, contribuindo, assim, para reduzir a prevalência de hábitos de sucção não nutritiva e mordida aberta anterior.

Fatores de risco para mordida aberta anterior: um estudo caso-controle / Risk factors for anterior open bite: a case-control study

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a influência dos fatores de risco (hábito de sucção, morfologia e padrão de crescimento facial) na etiologia da mordida aberta anterior. Metodologia: Utilizou-se o estudo tipo caso-controle, com uma amostra de 60 crianças, com idade entre 7 e 8 anos, matriculadas nas escolas municipais do Recife-Pe no ano de 2005. Na análise estatística utilizaram-se os testes: t-Student para duas amostras independentes, t-Student de correlação, F (ANOVA) com Tukey, Qui-quadrado de Pearson, a um nível de significância de 5 por cento. Resultados: O percentual de crianças com hábito de sucção foi bem mais elevado entre os casos do que entre os controles (53,3 por cento X 16,7 por cento) mostrando associação significante entre estas variáveis (p=0.003). Estes dados indicaram que as crianças com hábito de sucção tiveram seis vezes mais chance de ter mordida aberta anterior (OR=5,71). A morfologia facial não foi associado à mordida aberta anterior (p=0.846). Não houve diferença estatística entre os casos e os controles em relação às medidas cefalométricas angulares...

A deposiçäo de fluoreto de cálcio no esmalte dentário humano in vitro após tratamento com soluçöes fluoretadas para bochechos / The calcium fluoride deposition on human dental enamel in vitro after treatment with fluorides solutions for mouthrinse

O objetivo da investigaçäo foi verificar a deposiçäo de fluoreto de cálcio na superfície do esmalte dentário humano in vitro, após tratamento com quatro produtos comerciais, contendo soluçöes para bochechos com fluoreto de sódio a 0,05 por cento. Foram também comparados os resultados decorrentes da aplicaçäo de duas soluçöes de composiçäo similar, mas com diferentes pHs. Todos os produtos foram aplicados por 1 hora e a quantidade de fluoreto de cálcio depositada foi determinada por análise química. Os resultados demonstraram que a quantidade de fluoreto de cálcio depositado foi extremamente reduzida, indicando a possibilidade da interferência de indutores na composiçäo dos produtos. Quando foi observado o comportamento das soluçöes com diferentes pHs, as diferenças na quantidade de fluoreto de cálcio depositada näo foram estatisticamente significativas